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    Cultures and Strains

    Detailed sequencing of Cultures and Strains

    Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revolutionizes our understanding of microbial cultures. By analyzing the complete genetic blueprint of a microorganism, we gain unparalleled insights into its taxonomy, traits, and functional potential.

    At Biomcare, we use WGS to unlock the full potential of microbes for agricultural innovation, offering detailed and actionable information on isolated strains.

    Why Sequence Microbes in Culture?

    • Characterizing Beneficial Strains: Identify and validate microbes that promote plant growth, protect crops from pathogens, or enhance soil fertility. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers, while biocontrol agents can suppress harmful fungi.

    • Ensuring Strain Purity: Confirm the identity and purity of microbial strains used in agricultural formulations to prevent contamination or performance variability.

    • Developing Probiotics: Analyze probiotics intended for livestock or plants to assess their safety, effectiveness, and potential for improving health or productivity.

    • Bioremediation Applications: Study microbes capable of breaking down pollutants or improving soil conditions, ensuring they have the necessary genes for targeted applications.

    • Understanding Pathogenicity: Investigate plant pathogens to identify virulence factors, resistance genes, and potential vulnerabilities for control strategies.

    Solving your microbiome problems

    We have more than +7 years of experience in analyzing microbiome data and structuring microbiome projects. Our team has worked on more than 75 microbiome projects spanning research, universities and commercial industries.

    Biomcare offers both microbiome services for small discovery projects, as well as large custom-designed microbiome projects.

    Contact us today and get a quote. We are standing by to service you.

    What Information Does Sequencing Provide?

    Whole genome sequencing offers a depth of information far beyond traditional methods like microscopy or basic culturing techniques:

    1. Taxonomic Precision: WGS can differentiate between closely related strains, accurately identifying species and subspecies levels that may be indistinguishable by morphology.
    2. Functional Insights: Sequencing reveals genes associated with specific traits, such as:
      • Enzyme production (e.g., cellulases or nitrification enzymes)
      • Antimicrobial activity
      • Stress tolerance (e.g., drought or salinity resistance)
      • Nutrient cycling capabilities (e.g., nitrogen fixation)
    3. Antibiotic Resistance Profiling: Detect genes responsible for antibiotic resistance, ensuring safety when using microbial strains in agricultural environments.
    4. Genomic Comparisons: Compare genetic content across different strains to identify unique features or adaptive traits relevant to specific agricultural applications.
    5. Ecosystem Compatibility: Assess the compatibility of microbial strains with existing ecosystems by analyzing their metabolic pathways and potential interactions

    Advantages Over Traditional Methods

    • Microscopy: While microscopy provides a physical view of microorganisms, it cannot reveal genetic variations or functional traits critical to agricultural applications.

    • Culturing Alone: Culturing techniques are limited to a fraction of microbes that grow under lab conditions, missing many important details about taxonomy and function.

    • Biochemical Testing: Traditional assays give limited functional insights, while WGS provides a comprehensive picture, including potential metabolic pathways and adaptation mechanisms.

    Whole genome sequencing bridges these gaps, offering a holistic and high-resolution understanding of microbial cultures.

    Tailored Solutions for Agriculture

    At Biomcare, we collaborate with researchers and agricultural stakeholders to deliver customized sequencing services. Whether you are developing microbial fertilizers, studying crop pathogens, or advancing sustainable farming practices, our tools provide the insights needed to succeed.

    Unlock the potential of microbial strains with Biomcare's cutting-edge genomic solutions. Let us help you harness the power of microbes for a healthier, more sustainable future.

    We can screen a strain for a range of different functional properties of relevance to agriculture. Below is a list of some of these functional categories and more detailed examples for two key functions namely "Nitrogen Fixation" and "Micronutrient Mobilization"

    Functional categories

    1. Nitrogen Fixation
    2. Nitrogen Release
    3. Phosphorus and Potassium Solubilization
    4. Hormone Production
    5. Antibiotic Production
    6. Micronutrient Mobilization
    7. Stress Adaptation
    8. Organic Matter Degradation
    9. Carbon Cycling
    10. Sulfur Cycling
    11. Quorum Sensing
    12. Virulence Factors
    13. Detoxification and Bioremediation

    Nitrogen fixation

    Table of Nitrogen fixation Genes

    Gene Function Presence
    nifH Nitrogenase iron protein
    nifD Nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein alpha chain
    nifK Nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein beta chain
    nifE Assembly of the nitrogenase MoFe-cofactor
    nifN Assembly of the nitrogenase MoFe-cofactor
    nifB Synthesis of the iron-molybdenum cofactor
    nifV Homocitrate synthesis
    nifQ Molybdenum incorporation into FeMo-cofactor
    nifX Assembly and stabilization of the nitrogenase
    nifW Assembly and stabilization of the nitrogenase
    nifZ Assembly and stabilization of the nitrogenase
    nifS Biosynthesis of iron-sulfur clusters
    nifU Assembly of iron-sulfur clusters
    nifL Regulation of nif gene expression
    nifA Regulation of nif gene expression

    Overall Nitrogen Fixation Capacity Estimate

    Based on the presence of the genes involved in nitrogen fixation, the nitrogen fixation capacity is as follows:

    • Total Nitrogen Fixation Genes Identified: 11 out of 15
    • Percentage of Essential Nitrogen Fixation Genes Present: 73.3%

    Interpretation of Results

    • High Capacity for Nitrogen Fixation: The analyzed strain contains a majority of the essential genes required for nitrogen fixation, indicating a high potential for nitrogen fixation activity. Specifically, the core nitrogenase genes (nifH, nifD, nifK) and several key assembly and regulatory genes are present.
    • Missing Genes: The absence of some auxiliary genes like nifQ, nifW, and nifZ might suggest potential limitations or the need for additional verification and functional validation.

    Micronutrient Mobilization

    Table of Micronutrient Mobilization Genes

    Gene/Cluster Micronutrient Function Presence
    Siderophore synthase Fe Siderophore biosynthesis, iron mobilization
    Siderophore transporter Fe Siderophore transport, iron mobilization
    znuABC Zn High-affinity zinc uptake system
    zur Zn Zinc uptake regulation
    mntH Mn Manganese transporter
    sitABCD Mn Manganese transport system
    cys genes S Sulfur assimilation and metabolism
    ChaA Ca Calcium transport
    copA Cu Copper-transporting ATPase
    copB Cu Copper-transporting ATPase
    cueO Cu Multi-copper oxidase
    mgtA Mg Magnesium transport
    mgtB Mg Magnesium transport

    Iron (Fe) Mobilization

    Siderophore biosynthesis genes (siderophore synthase, siderophore transporter): Genes involved in the synthesis and transport of siderophores which chelate and mobilize iron.

    • Total Iron Genes Identified: 2 out of 2
    • Percentage of Iron Genes Present: 100%

    Zinc (Zn) Mobilization

    High-affinity zinc uptake system genes (znuABC) and zinc uptake regulation gene (zur).

    • Total Zinc Genes Identified: 2 out of 2
    • Percentage of Zinc Genes Present: 100%

    Manganese (Mn) Mobilization

    Manganese transporter gene (mntH) and manganese transport system genes (sitABCD).

    • Total Manganese Genes Identified: 1 out of 2
    • Percentage of Manganese Genes Present: 50%

    Sulfur (S) Mobilization

    Genes involved in sulfur assimilation and metabolism (cys genes).

    • Total Sulfur Genes Identified: 1 out of 1
    • Percentage of Sulfur Genes Present: 100%

    Calcium (Ca) Mobilization

    Calcium transporters (e.g., ChaA, MgtE): Genes encoding calcium transport proteins.

    • Total Calcium Genes Identified: 1 out of 1
    • Percentage of Calcium Genes Present: 100%

    Copper (Cu) Mobilization

    Copper-transporting ATPase genes (copA, copB) and multi-copper oxidase gene (cueO).

    • Total Copper Genes Identified: 2 out of 3
    • Percentage of Copper Genes Present: 67%

    Magnesium (Mg) Mobilization

    Magnesium transport genes (mgtA, mgtB).

    • Total Magnesium Genes Identified: 1 out of 2
    • Percentage of Magnesium Genes Present: 50%

    Interpretation of Results

    • High Capacity for Iron, Zinc, Sulfur, and Calcium Mobilization: The analyzed strain contains all the key genes required for the mobilization of these micronutrients, indicating strong potential for these activities.
    • Moderate Capacity for Copper Mobilization: The presence of copA and cueO but the absence of copB suggests moderate potential for copper mobilization.
    • Moderate Capacity for Manganese and Magnesium Mobilization: The presence of some, but not all, key genes suggests moderate potential for mobilization of these micronutrients.
    Working with Dr. Louise Thingholm and Biomcare on our study of the relationships between iron and the gut microbiome has been a great experience. Louise brought unparalleled expertise in the analysis and interpretation of the microbiome data, guiding us through the complexities along each step. Her user-friendly visualizations and clear interpretations allowed us to communicate our findings effectively to both scientific audiences and stakeholders. Moreover, her responsiveness and collaborative approach made the whole process seamless, addressing challenges promptly and adapting to the unique needs of our study. Thanks to her support, we were able to meet project deadlines and significantly enhance the quality of our research. I would work with her again in the future, and highly recommend Biomcare to anyone seeking expert assistance in microbiome data analysis.

    - Diane M. Dellavalle, PhD, RDN, LDN, Professor of Nutrition

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